ODEW Updates Model Policies and Seeks Input on Revised Forms

ODEW Updates Model Policies and Seeks Input on Revised Forms

On April 4, 2025, ODEW re-released its Special Education Model Policies with changes that were adopted with input from school board attorneys such as your team at Ennis Britton and the Ohio Council of School Board Attorneys (“OCSBA”). These changes follow the decision by ODEW to push back the deadline to adopt new policies and procedures to May 30, 2025. We appreciate the seriousness with which ODEW has sought and acted on feedback from stakeholders in refining the Model Policy.

The changes that were made to the Model Policy include removing a sentence that would have added “emerging skills” as a consideration for determining whether a student qualifies for Extended School Year (ESY) services and removing a sentence that said that would have had the effect of prohibiting reasonable cost criteria for Independent Educational Evaluations (IEEs). The latest revisions to the Model Policy bring it into alignment with the applicable law and cases governing Ohio schools.

In addition to revising the Model Policy, ODEW has also drafted revisions to the required and optional special education forms (e.g., IEP, ETR, prior written notice, etc.). The proposed revisions have been posted on the Office for Exceptional Children website, and ODEW is soliciting comments through May 23 using an online survey and through virtual sessions scheduled for April 24, May 6, May 8, and May 13 (registration required). Find the proposed forms, the survey, and virtual session registration here:

Ohio Required and Optional Forms | Ohio Department of Education and Workforce

What Does This Mean for Your District?

 ODEW was responsive to concerns raised by education stakeholders regarding the initial version of the Model Policy. This cooperation between ODEW and public education agencies is commendable and is key to insuring Ohio’s schools appropriately serve their communities and students. As ODEW solicits input on revisions to special education forms it is important for educators to advocate for appropriate revisions that ensure the forms are aligned with the law and support not just compliance, but also the effective operation of school districts.

Educational agencies are still required to adopt the model policies and procedures, or obtain approval from ODEW for alternate policies and procedures, by May 30, 2025. Especially for ESCs and CTCs, the adoption of the new policies and procedures could be interpreted as an expansion of your duties which were outlined in the changes to OAC 3301-51-05 in January.[1]

Some educational agencies may have already adopted and approved the prior version of the model policies and procedures. ODEW has stated that the adoption of the model policies and procedures prior to the update is still sufficient for their requirements. However, the meaningful changes in the revised Model Policy warrant consideration of additional action to adopt the latest revisions. Please contact your attorney at Ennis Britton if you have any questions or concerns regarding the adoption of the model policies and procedures.      

[1] See our article on the changes to OAC 3301-51-05 and the Model Policies and Procedures: https://ennisbritton.com/blog/2025/special-education-update-abrupt-changes-to-ohios-new-procedural-safeguards-rule-leave-educational-agencies-in-a-strange-place

 

 

 

Special Education Update: Office for Civil Rights of the U.S. Department of Education Closes Six Regional Offices

Special Education Update: Office for Civil Rights of the U.S. Department of Education Closes Six Regional Offices

With the release of the March 11, 2025 Organizational Chart the Federal Administration announced the closing of six regional offices of the Office for Civil Rights, the agency designated to oversee and investigate allegations of discriminatory conduct in schools, including Section 504 complaints. The shuttered offices include the Boston, Dallas, New York City, Philadelphia, San Francisco and the Chicago/Cleveland offices, which included the only regional office with a physical presence in Ohio. The five remaining locations are in Denver, Kansas City, Seattle, Atlanta, and Washington, DC.

With persistent concerns about the timeliness of responses from the agency under the best of circumstances, the closing of these offices can be expected to cause greater delays in the complaint resolution process.

A review of the new Organizational Chart shows significant cuts in the following office:

  • Institute of Education Sciences: Responsible for analysis of statistical data and evaluation and funding of federal programs
  • Office of Planning, Evaluation and Policy Development: Responsible for policy development, review and implementation for the entire Department
  • Office of Elementary and Secondary Education:  Responsible for “directing, coordinating and recommending policy for programs designed to help State and local educational agencies improve the achievement of preschool, elementary and secondary school students” and “support equal access to services to help every child achieve”
  • Office of English Language Acquisition: Responsible for ensuring that English language learners and immigrant students attain English proficiency and achieve academic success (completely eliminated)”

What this means for schools: It is yet to be seen how these drastic cuts in personnel and programming will ultimately impact the daily operations of local educational agencies. At the very least, schools should expect delays in processing and resolving complaints filed with OCR and possible changes in the level of express federal guidance on critical issues. The cuts at OCR are being challenged by 21 states in State of New York v. McMahon filed in the federal district court in Massachusetts.

 

 

 

Special Education Update: Autism and Jon Peterson Scholarships Will Not Fund Home-Education After Age 18

Special Education Update: Autism and Jon Peterson Scholarships Will Not Fund Home-Education After Age 18

 

According to a recent email from the Ohio Department of Education and Workforce (ODEW), as of July 1, 2025, students who are home-educated using either the Autism or Jon Peterson scholarships will no longer qualify for the scholarships following the year during which they turn age 18. This issue arises because compulsory education ends at age 18 which effectively ends home-education.  The email states that while ODEW supports access to Autism and Peterson scholarships through age 21 for home-educated students, ODEW is constrained absent a legislative change.

 Notably, students with disabilities may enroll in their public or private school until age 22. Therefore, providers may begin to encounter parents seeking to (re)-enroll students into their district of residence where they can either attend until graduation/exit at age 22, or engage in searching for an appropriate private school.

What does this mean for your district? Your district may see some instances of students either re-enrolling or enrolling for the first time in their district at age 18+. Absent a legislative change,  parents or the students are free to choose to enroll in your district until age 22. Likewise, if they wish to continue to be home-educated (albeit without scholarship) they do not require excusal from your district since they are no longer considered of compulsory school age.

Once a student is enrolled in the district following aging out of home education, then the process for evaluation and creating IEPs would take place including determining appropriate transition services. The IEP team should also consider whether the student has met graduation requirements or when they expect they may meet graduation requirements. If graduation requirements are not met, then the student would exit from secondary education at age 22 with no diploma. The same rules would apply if the student enrolls in a private school for their final years of secondary education.

 

 

 

On the Call: Revocation of Consent

In this episode, Jeremy and Erin cover the complexities of revocation of consent under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA). They discuss what happens when parents choose to revoke consent for special education services, using a recent Missouri case as an example to explore the legal and practical implications. The episode includes strategies for helping parents understand the all-or-nothing nature of revocation while addressing their concerns in a way that prioritizes the child’s needs.

 You can listen to other episodes here or wherever you get your podcasts. Look for new episodes on the second and fourth Tuesdays of the month.

Listen to the “Definition of Parent” episode Jeremy and Erin reference in this episode here.

 

On the Call: Autism Eligibility

A medical diagnosis can be one piece of the puzzle in special education. In this episode, Jeremy and Erin dive into autism eligibility under the IDEA, examining a case from North Carolina where a school district defended its decision to deny special education services to a recently diagnosed student. They look at the critical steps of conducting thorough initial evaluations and the importance of collaborating with parents to clarify the distinction between a medical diagnosis and educational eligibility. They share strategies to ensure a complete, accurate understanding of a student’s unique educational needs.

*Listen to the “choose your f-word” IEE episode referenced in this episode here

Also, be sure to join Jeremy Neff on December 5 for a live LRP webinar on managing law enforcement involvement with students with disabilities. Get legal insights and proactive strategies to address extreme behaviors while protecting students’ rights. Register here!

You can listen to other episodes here or wherever you get your podcasts. Look for new episodes on the second and fourth Tuesdays of the month.

 

Special Education Update: Autism and Jon Peterson Scholarships Will Not Fund Home-Education After Age 18

Special Education Update: Is Average Enough? Fourth Circuit Rules That a Student with ADHD and Dyslexia is not Eligible for Special Education Under the IDEA Based on Academic Performance

G.M. v. Barnes, 114 F.4th 323 (4th Cir. 2024).

On September 4, 2024, the Fourth Circuit Court of Appeals upheld a lower court ruling that a second-grade student with dyslexia and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) was not eligible for special education services under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA). After his parents noticed a decline in his standardized test scores compared to the previous year, an IEP team was convened to determine the student’s eligibility. The Maryland school district determined that the student was ineligible based on his performance. His parents then removed him to a private school, and filed a due process complaint against the district for denying their son a free and appropriate public education (FAPE).

To qualify for special education under the IDEA, a student needs to demonstrate they have a qualifying disability and “by reason thereof” require special education and related services. In this case, the parents argued that the student had two qualifying disabilities:

  1. A specific learning disability (SLD) arising from his dyslexia; and
  2. An other health impairment (OHI) arising from his ADHD.

Despite the student’s decline in his reading and writing standardized test scores, the district argued that the student’s test scores still indicated that he had average achievement in reading, writing, and mathematics compared to his peers. Additionally, his teacher, who had previously expressed concerns with his reading and writing ability, indicated on his final report card that he was “independently or with assistance meeting all of the criteria that are listed” for second grade, including reading and writing requirements. Based on his academic performance, the due process case came out in favor of the district with a conclusion that the student did not need special education services.

On appeal, the 4th Circuit concluded that the student did not have a SLD. While dyslexia can be an SLD under the IDEA, Maryland regulations instruct IEP teams to determine a student has an SLD if they do not achieve adequately for their age or meet state approved grade level standards when provided with learning experiences appropriate for the student’s age and ability levels. The student’s achievement is inadequate if the student exhibits a pattern of strengths and weaknesses in performance, achievement, or both, relative to age, state-approved grade-level standards, or intellectual development. Because his test scores and evidence presented by the parties indicated that his reading and writing ability were within the expected range for his grade level, his parents failed to demonstrate that he had a cognizable weakness.

The Court did agree with the parents that the student’s ADHD qualified as an OHI, but they concluded that he did not require specially designed instruction because of his ADHD. Under the IDEA, “a student does not ‘need’ such services if the student is already getting what would qualify as a FAPE without them.” The 4th Circuit reminded the parties that progress through the system is what is generally meant by an “education” and for most children, FAPE means a program “reasonably calculated to enable the child to achieve passing marks and advance from grade to grade.” Endrew F., 137 S. Ct. 988 (2017).

While the 4th Circuit recognizes that no parent wants to see their child fail to reach their academic potential, they cautioned that the IDEA should not be used as “a vehicle for securing a potential-maximizing education.” (Quoting Rowley, 458 U.S. at 197 n.21). This student was fully integrated in the regular classroom setting; he received passing marks and was independently or with assistance meeting all the listed criteria; and he was advancing from grade to grade. This was enough for FAPE. His parents’ concerns about the drop in his standardized test scores, even if legitimate, were not enough to change that.

What does this mean for your district? While this case is not controlling in Ohio, it is informative and highlights the focus for evaluation teams in a post-Endrew F. world: not only does a student have an identified disability, but also, because of that identified disability, do they require specially designed instruction and / or related services? Districts should consider the unique needs of the child when calculating what is necessary to enable appropriate progress, and academic progress can be a strong indicator that a student is receiving FAPE. If a student is already receiving what would qualify as FAPE, they may not be eligible under the IDEA because they do not require special education and related services. This is true even if the student appears to have a qualifying disability.